{"id":7620,"date":"2018-07-20T09:54:22","date_gmt":"2018-07-20T07:54:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/asocheca.org\/cz\/?p=7620"},"modified":"2018-08-03T01:08:15","modified_gmt":"2018-08-02T23:08:15","slug":"kolumbie-slavi-den-nezavislosti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/asocheca.org\/cz\/2018\/07\/kolumbie-slavi-den-nezavislosti\/","title":{"rendered":"Kolumbie slav\u00ed den nez\u00e1vislosti"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"Na st\u00e1tn\u00edch budov\u00e1ch, ale tak\u00e9 z\u00a0oken a balk\u00f3n\u016f po cel\u00e9 zemi dnes vlaje kolumbijsk\u00e1 trikol\u00f3ra, Kolumbijci si toti\u017e 20. \u010dervence<\/strong> p\u0159ipom\u00ednaj\u00ed sv\u016fj den nez\u00e1vislosti.<\/p>\n

Ud\u00e1losti, kter\u00e9 v\u00a0hlavn\u00edm m\u011bst\u011b Kolumbie prob\u011bhly dan\u00e9ho dne roku 1810<\/strong>, tedy p\u0159esn\u011b p\u0159ed 208 lety, zm\u011bnily historii tehdej\u0161\u00edho \u0161pan\u011blsk\u00e9ho m\u00edstokr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed nazvan\u00e9ho Nov\u00e1 Granada. V podstat\u011b odstartovaly cestu k\u00a0osamostatn\u011bn\u00ed od \u0161pan\u011blsk\u00e9 nadvl\u00e1dy, i kdy\u017e samotn\u00e1 nez\u00e1vislost p\u0159i\u0161la je\u0161t\u011b o n\u011bkolik let pozd\u011bji. Je tak\u00e9 pravda, \u017ee deklarac\u00ed nez\u00e1vislosti bylo na \u00fazem\u00ed Kolumbie v\u00a0pr\u016fb\u011bhu cel\u00e9 dek\u00e1dy n\u011bkolik, nicm\u00e9n\u011b pr\u00e1v\u011b ta z\u00a0roku 1810 se nejv\u00edce uchovala v\u00a0kolektivn\u00ed pam\u011bti.<\/p>\n

Roku 1810 p\u0159ipadl 20. \u010dervenec na p\u00e1tek a jak bylo zvykem ka\u017ed\u00fd t\u00fdden, konal se na hlavn\u00edm n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed m\u011bste\u010dka Santa Fe (de Bogot\u00e1, tedy dne\u0161n\u00ed Bogoty) trh. V\u0161ude se proto pohybovala spousta lid\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch ras i soci\u00e1ln\u00edch vrstev, \u010deho\u017e vyu\u017eili m\u00edstn\u00ed kreolov\u00e9, tedy potomci \u0160pan\u011bl\u016f narozen\u00ed ji\u017e na americk\u00e9m kontinentu. Ti toti\u017e tou\u017eili po v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed svobod\u011b a hlavn\u011b po politick\u00e9 moci, kterou v\u00a0t\u00e9 dob\u011b m\u011bli pouze \u0160pan\u011bl\u00e9 poch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edmo ze star\u00e9ho kontinentu. Rozhodli se tedy vyprovokovat incident se \u0160pan\u011bli a vytvo\u0159it konfliktn\u00ed situaci, kter\u00e1 by mohla vy\u00fastit ve ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 odm\u00edtnut\u00ed \u0161pan\u011blsk\u00fdch vl\u00e1dn\u00edch org\u00e1n\u016f.<\/p>\n

\"\"Jeliko\u017e se z\u00e1rove\u0148 p\u0159ipravoval slavnostn\u00ed banket, kter\u00fd m\u011bl v\u00a0Santa Fe uv\u00edtat kr\u00e1lovsk\u00e9ho komisa\u0159e Antonia Villavicencia, vydala se skupina kreol\u016f v\u00a0\u010dele s\u00a0bratry Moralesov\u00fdmi do domu \u0161pan\u011blsk\u00e9ho obchodn\u00edka jm\u00e9nem Jos\u00e9 Gonz\u00e1lez Llorente. P\u0159i\u0161li ho poprosit o zap\u016fj\u010den\u00ed kv\u011btinov\u00e9 v\u00e1zy pro zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fd banket, Llorente v\u0161ak prosbu slu\u0161n\u011b odm\u00edtl. Po dal\u0161\u00edch p\u0159edem napl\u00e1novan\u00fdch provokac\u00edch ze strany kreol\u016f cel\u00e1 situace vygradovala v\u00a0otev\u0159en\u00fd protest v\u0161ech mo\u017en\u00fdch skupin obyvatelstva na n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed proti \u0161pan\u011blsk\u00e9 elit\u011b. M\u00edstokr\u00e1l tak nem\u011bl jinou mo\u017enost ne\u017e odsouhlasit zvolen\u00ed mluv\u010d\u00edch lidu a p\u0159istoupit na vytvo\u0159en\u00ed Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edho shorm\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed vl\u00e1dy, kter\u00e9 m\u011blo nahradit neuznanou autoritu m\u00edstokr\u00e1le.<\/p>\n

Toto nov\u011b sestaven\u00e9 shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b v\u00a0noci z\u00a020. na 21. \u010dervence sepsalo listinu nez\u00e1vislosti, kter\u00e1 poprv\u00e9 po\u010d\u00edtala se seps\u00e1n\u00edm \u00dastavy, svol\u00e1n\u00edm voleb a pokl\u00e1dala z\u00e1klady svobod\u011b a feder\u00e1ln\u00edmu uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 se ale nejendalo o \u00fapln\u00e9 vyhl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed nez\u00e1vislosti, proto\u017ee listina uzn\u00e1vala, aspo\u0148 teoreticky, autoritu \u0161pan\u011blsk\u00e9ho kr\u00e1le Fernanda VII. Po \u0159ad\u011b spor\u016f mezi jednotliv\u00fdmi provinciemi na \u00fazem\u00ed Kolumbie a n\u00e1sledn\u00e9m ta\u017een\u00ed za znovudobyt\u00ed \u00fazem\u00ed ze strany \u0160pan\u011bl\u016f bylo \u0161pan\u011blsk\u00e9 vojsko definitivn\u011b vojensky pora\u017eeno v\u00a0bitv\u011b u Boyac\u00e1 dne 7. srpna 1819. O dva roky pozd\u011bji vznikla Kolumbijsk\u00e1 republika jako n\u00e1rod nezru\u0161iteln\u011b svobodn\u00fd a nez\u00e1visl\u00fd na \u0161pan\u011blsk\u00e9 monarchii.<\/p>\n

\"\"St\u00e1tn\u00edm sv\u00e1tkem byl ale 20. \u010dervenec prohl\u00e1\u0161en a\u017e roku 1873. V\u00a0sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b pat\u0159\u00ed mezi hlavn\u00ed body sv\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edho programu vojensk\u00e9 a policejn\u00ed p\u0159ehl\u00eddky. Zejm\u00e9na ta v\u00a0Bogot\u011b je opravdu velkolep\u00e1, ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u011b l\u00e1k\u00e1 davy n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edk\u016f a p\u0159ihl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed j\u00ed i kolumbijsk\u00fd prezident se \u010dleny vl\u00e1dy a vysok\u00fdmi funkcion\u00e1\u0159i ozbrojen\u00fdch sil. Na po\u010d\u00e1tku ceremonie se vzd\u00e1v\u00e1 \u010dest v\u0161em voj\u00e1k\u016fm, kte\u0159\u00ed padli p\u0159i pln\u011bn\u00ed sv\u00fdch povinnost\u00ed.<\/p>\n

V\u00a0duchu motta Kolumbie jedna jedin\u00e1 s\u00edla<\/em> proch\u00e1z\u00ed letos ulicemi m\u011bsta na 15 tis\u00edc voj\u00e1k\u016f a policist\u016f r\u016fzn\u00fdch odd\u00edl\u016f, v\u010detn\u011b para\u0161utist\u016f \u010di p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edk\u016f speci\u00e1ln\u00edch sil. K\u00a0vid\u011bn\u00ed jsou tak\u00e9 lod\u011b, obrn\u011bn\u00e1 vozidla, kon\u011b \u010di psovodi s\u00a0pejsky vycvi\u010den\u00fdmi na vyhled\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed bomb. Vzduch br\u00e1zd\u00ed helikopt\u00e9ry, K-firy a dal\u0161\u00ed stroje kolumbijsk\u00e9ho letectva. Cel\u00fd pr\u016fvod doprov\u00e1z\u00ed j\u00e1sot, tlesk\u00e1n\u00ed a pozdravy p\u0159ihl\u00ed\u017eej\u00edc\u00edch, kte\u0159\u00ed si v\u00a0zemi, kde dlouh\u00e1 desetilet\u00ed prob\u00edhal ozbrojen\u00fd konflit, sv\u00fdch ozbrojen\u00fdch sil velmi v\u00e1\u017e\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Zdroje: ColombiaAprende.edu.co<\/a>, TodaColombia.com<\/a>, ElTiempo.com<\/a>. Foto 1<\/a>, foto 2<\/a>, foto 3<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Na st\u00e1tn\u00edch budov\u00e1ch, ale tak\u00e9 z\u00a0oken a balk\u00f3n\u016f po cel\u00e9 zemi dnes vlaje kolumbijsk\u00e1 trikol\u00f3ra, Kolumbijci si toti\u017e 20. \u010dervence p\u0159ipom\u00ednaj\u00ed sv\u016fj den nez\u00e1vislosti. Ud\u00e1losti, kter\u00e9 v\u00a0hlavn\u00edm m\u011bst\u011b Kolumbie prob\u011bhly dan\u00e9ho dne roku 1810, tedy p\u0159esn\u011b p\u0159ed 208 lety, zm\u011bnily historii tehdej\u0161\u00edho \u0161pan\u011blsk\u00e9ho m\u00edstokr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed nazvan\u00e9ho Nov\u00e1 Granada. V podstat\u011b odstartovaly cestu k\u00a0osamostatn\u011bn\u00ed od \u0161pan\u011blsk\u00e9 nadvl\u00e1dy,…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,4,6],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/asocheca.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7620"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/asocheca.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/asocheca.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/asocheca.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/asocheca.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7620"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/asocheca.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7620\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7631,"href":"https:\/\/asocheca.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7620\/revisions\/7631"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/asocheca.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7620"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/asocheca.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7620"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/asocheca.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7620"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}